Roseboro is a town in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,163 at the 2020 census. Roseboro was founded when the Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railroad built a line from Fayetteville to Wilmington, and it joined Stedman, Autryville, Garland, Kerr Station and several other communities that sprang to life when depot…Roseboro is a town in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,163 at the 2020 census. Roseboro was founded when the Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railroad built a line from Fayetteville to Wilmington, and it joined Stedman, Autryville, Garland, Kerr Station and several other communities that sprang to life when depots were built and commerce came into being. The railroad was built in 1889-1890.