Experimental evidence of long-range attractive forces between cellular proteins has been obtained by researchers in France more than 50 years after the idea was first proposed. The forces are mediated ...

Proteins are made of amino acid chains, or polypeptides. Amino acids have a basic backbone made of an amino group and a carboxyl group, and differ in their side-chains.

The intermolecular interaction can be tuned by cooling and becomes attractive below ∼120 K. The force between molecules deposited on a surface during the growth of an organic film is usually ...

The Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) is a highly sensitive scientific instrument used to measure the forces between two surfaces at the nanoscale. It allows researchers to study the fundamental ...