The spinal cord bladder and bowel reflex arc is damaged in patients with injuries to the cauda equina, lumbar and sacral segments below the conus medullaris. Patients do not typically transition to an ...

Upper motor neuron disease: These originate in the brain, causing stiffness or spasticity. Lower motor neuron disease: These originate in the spinal cord, causing weakness, muscle loss, and muscle ...

Lower motor neurons have direct connections with the muscle, contracting muscle to execute movement. Thus, the lower motor neuron activity is in part controlled by the upper motor neurons.

How to manage an acute case of Bell’s palsy in a pregnant woman including the importance of prompt treatment and when ...

Lower motor neurons have direct connections with the muscle, contracting muscle to execute the movement. Thus, the lower motor neuron activity is in part controlled by the upper motor neurons.

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a devastating condition which causes progressive paralysis, increasing physical disability and ultimately death within an average of two to three years.