“The FSG system offers a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective solution for water heating by storing thermal energy in fine sand, overcoming the intermittency of solar ...

“During a 12-hour discharging operation, the thermic oil temperature decreased from 103.63 C to 48.39 C at 1 LPM, successfully heating 720 L of water with an average temperature rise of 16.4 C ...

Solar water heaters have a high initial cost due to the price of solar panels, storage tanks, and installation, which can be significantly more expensive than a traditional geyser.

The Fine Sand Solar Geyser (FSG) reportedly achieves an energy cost of just $0.0233 per kWh, according to its creators.