The friction-factor approximations were evaluated by comparing them with the Moody friction factor for smooth-pipe flow (Table 3). The Reynolds number varied from 5 X 10 4 to 5 X 10 7 . Click here ...

Tests of a proposed friction-factor equation have shown it to be accurate for calculating pressure loss in turbulent flow for a pipeline transporting a non-Newtonian fluid, such as most crude oils ...

"In transitional flow, friction varies with no discernible patterns," says Dr. Rory Cerbus, a postdoctoral researcher at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST).