Ecosystem is a system or phenomenon of interaction between abiotic and biotic factors in a certain area of the biosphere. The biosphere may be divided into smaller ecological units each of which ...

Forest ecology is an ecological science dedicated to understanding the complete biotic and abiotic systems within a defined woodland area. A forest ecologist has to deal with basic biology and ...

Object Details Author Bardgett, Richard D Wardle, David A. 1963-Contents Controls on terrestrial ecosystem processes: an historical perspective -- Species and biotic interactions as ecosystem drivers ...