A previous study showed that the perceived directions of sound sources in the voice band presented through bone-conduction (BC) headphones are inclined toward the center compared with those for ...

Most metals are conductors, while most nonmetals are insulators. Insulators have a large gap between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band such that electrons cannot move ...

The effect of a uniform magnetic field on the conduction band of metal is investigated, using as model the tight-binding approximation for a simple cubic crystal. The normally discrete magnetic levels ...

We also note that the characteristic Mexican-hat dispersion of the valence-band top, a hallmark of the EI state, disappears, which indicates the loss of the hybridization between the conduction and ...

Plasmon refers to the coherent oscillation of all conduction-band electrons in a nanostructure made of a metal or a heavily doped semiconductor. Upon excitation, the plasmon can decay through ...

However, the fifth valence electron from the donor atom remains loosely bound to its nucleus. It can be easily excited into the conduction band, where it can participate in electrical conduction.

For liquids, the upper (lower) limit is given by the lowest unoccupied (highest occupied) molecular orbital. For solids, the upper (lower) limit is given by the conduction (valence) band energies, i.e ...

Conductivity at room temperature or above goes through the extended tail states (in the valence band or conduction band) through a mechanism called multiple trapping, whereby charge carriers ...