Present participles end in "-ing": a screaming line drive, a winning team. Past participles usually end in "-ed": a dropped ball, a grilled hot dogBut participles for irregular verbs have other ...

Time (tense) is indicated by the helping verb. The -ing participle alone cannot be the complete verb because it does not indicate the time of the action. Some teachers refer to the -ing participle as ...

Indeed, languages with three forms for present, past and participle have a way of trying to make two things out of three. Sometimes they marginalize the past form in favor of the participle.