Sep 12, 2019 · In Chicago style, there are two options for citing sources: you can use footnotes/endnotes, or include author-date citations in the text.

This section contains information on The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) method of document formatting and citation. These resources follow the seventeenth edition of The Chicago Manual of …

Jul 2, 2025 · Example notes below show full citations followed by shortened citations for the same sources. For more details and many more examples, see chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style.

In the author-date system, sources are briefly cited in the text, usually in parentheses, by author’s last name and year of publication. Each in-text citation matches up with an entry in a reference list, where …

Dec 17, 2024 · In-text (parenthetical citations) using the author-date style usually contain the author's name and publication year of the reference and page number. If authorship is uncertain use the title …

Aug 22, 2025 · To create a Chicago footnote or endnote reference, a superscript number is placed at the end of the clause or sentence that the citation applies to, after any punctuation (periods, quotation …

Dec 2, 2025 · The Chicago Manual of Style, or CMOS, is used in the humanities and social sciences. It offers two systems: Notes and Bibliography, which uses footnotes and a bibliography, and Author …

Chicago-style citations include a reference within the text itself and a bibliography at the end of the paper. The Chicago Manual of Style suggests two ways of citing sources in the text. The most …

Dec 5, 2025 · All in-text citations should include the last name of the author (s) and the date. You may also elect to add a page number, especially for direct quotes. For sources with four or more authors, …

Nov 25, 2025 · The notes-bibliography method of the Chicago Manual of Style (18th ed.) uses superscript numbers for in-text citations which should be placed at the end of the quotation or …